Monday, June 6, 2016

Planning, Preparation and Parfaits

This will be a short and sweet blog about one of my favorite issues that athletes normally have: what to eat while traveling.  I recently traveled to Wisconsin to coach a few of my Junior athletes at a draft-legal triathlon. My oldest son accompanied me as he was racing. This is important because the Sport Dietitian in me must be on high alert to ensure he navigates his nutrition to support optimal performance.

When I travel, I make it a point to bring a few necessities with me which typically includes a light trail mix, Generation UCAN snack bars and a few packets of UCAN protein. These are what I refer to as my “emergency foods”. I am delayed in an airport, can’t find a grocery store immediately upon arriving at my hotel, or simply need an extra snack to control and optimize my blood sugar and support my Metabolic Efficiency. These snacks sometimes make it back home without ever being consumed but they are with me just in case.

I happened to stay at a hotel that did not have many amenities (restaurant food was not good) nor was it extremely close to a bigger city with the typical eating establishments. However, there was a grocery store, Piggly Wiggly nearby and I did have a refrigerator in my room. Whenever I travel, I ensure that I have a refrigerator in my room since my first stop is usually the grocery store to purchase some basics to build snacks and light meals.

This trip was no different. I visited the Piggly Wiggly and stocked up on a few essentials. My final bill was $23 (for two people and many snacks and light meals). Some items in my basket included blueberries, bananas, cherries, grapes, beef jerky, Greek yogurt, peanut butter, granola, and spoons. Can you pick out the foods that you can combine to improve Metabolic Efficiency?  Yes, there is a reason for the foods that I purchased!

Planning and preparing is probably one of the most important things that you can do when it comes to remaining metabolically efficient while traveling. Take a little extra time on the front end of your trip to construct an “emergency food” list and pack them with you. Identify the nearby grocery stores and restaurants where you will be staying prior to leaving if possible and be sure to visit the grocery store first thing upon arriving at your destination.

As for the parfaits…well, that was one of our breakfast options. I grabbed the coffee cups that are always in hotel rooms and layered the Greek yogurt, fruit, and granola.  Quick, easy and metabolically efficient!

Until next week…


Bob

Sunday, May 29, 2016

Sports Genomics Part 1: SNP's


Did you know that there are between 20,000-25,000 genes in humans but there are 10 million or more SNP's?  SNP stands for single nucleotide polymorphism which, in easier terms to understand, is like a spelling error on a gene.  When a gene has a SNP on it, it alters the protein function in the body by affecting the biochemistry of the cell. 

Having a SNP on a gene can lead to some negative consequences inside the body such as increased inflammation, reactive oxygen species. For an athlete, this is a huge deal. Think about it. If you have a SNP on a group of genes that affect the body's ability to quench free radical production and inflammation, this could lead to slower recovery, decreased performance, and potential injury. 

Now, genes can be affected from inside the body and outside the body (the environment). Interestingly, certain foods can turn on and off genes and can be used therapeutically to "work around" SNP's that may be present on genes.  Which foods? Well, it's not as easy as just eating more fruits and vegetables as most Registered Dietitians recommend.  I mean, it's not a bad thing but we know that each person will have an individual "feed your genes" nutritional profile that should be followed based on their individual SNP's.  Some foods may be trigger certain pathways and biochemical cascades in one person but not another.

A key thing to remember that herbs and spices are of tremendous benefit to health and feeding your individual genes and associated SNP's. 

So, what should you do now? Think about this a bit. Sports Genomics. Let it marinate in your mind and keep following along as I will dedicate a few more blogs to this topic to help you understand more about it and some additional action items but remember, just like Metabolic Efficiency, if you don't test, you don't know. At some point, I would highly recommend getting a Genomic test done so you are more educated about you as an individual and what can help you improve your health and performance. eNRG Performance will offer Genomic testing in the near future so stay tuned.

Until next week...

Bob
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Sunday, May 22, 2016

The Banana

I bet you think I am going to take this blog and explain the "good" or "bad" benefits of a banana, huh?  Nope. I was honored to attend a Sports Genomics clinic this past week in Boulder and not only did I expand my knowledge base of a very fast growing segment of the sports nutrition field, but I also had the opportunity to give a presentation to the 10 Sport Dietitians in attendance.

As I was intensely learning the first two days from three experts in the field (1 PhD, 1 MD and 1 RD who specializes in culinary genomics), I began thinking about where Metabolic Efficiency fits in. It is fairly obvious (to me at least) how my Metabolic Efficiency concept matches with sports genomics (more on that in a future blog) but I really began thinking of the testing similarities.

Genomic testing is fairly easy to have done but does require a trained eye to interpret and make recommendations. The same holds true for Metabolic Efficiency Testing. Blood work, same thing. So, I began thinking of the three tests and how they are related and if they could support one another. As my brain was filling up each day with unbelievable information regarding genomics, athletes, and nutrition, an analogy of the testing started to form. Enter the banana.

Blood work testing is certainly beneficial but what if you do not pick the right tests to measure? The interpretation may miss something. The opposite is the case with genomic and Metabolic Efficiency testing. There is almost too much data (if there is such a thing) where the nutrition practitioner must decide what is relevant for that athlete at that particular time.

Here is where the banana comes in. I have crafted the analogy of these three tests (blood work, Metabolic Efficiency and genomic) into a banana. The peel of the banana is blood work testing. Somewhat beneficial but may not provide you measurable action items and may be discarded.  In fact, many individuals do not know what to do with the blood work results that they receive from their doctor.  The fruit of the banana is Metabolic Efficiency testing. It is tangible information that will dig deeper into the fruit (body) to yield very specific information regarding substrate (carbohydrate and fat) usage. Finally, the seeds of a banana, the deepest layer of information in the fruit itself is genomic testing. It is highly individual to that particular fruit (body) and will provide information on the most microscopic level.

All three layers are important and will provide a well rounded knowledge base for any athlete but one without the other may not be as beneficial as all three together.

And there you have it.  The banana. As I digest (pun intended) the information I learned at the Sports Genomics clinic and begin to put it into practice at eNRG Performance, you will no doubt here more and more of how the testing can benefit you but also how the topic of "feeding your genes" will become part of your nutrition behavior system.

Until next week!


Bob
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Sunday, May 15, 2016

A Sugar Cube vs. A Spoonful of Olive Oil


As you know, following a metabolically efficient lifestyle is centered on controlling blood sugar by combining the proper nutrients (protein + fiber + fat) throughout the day. It is centered on creating a healthy relationship with food, and teaching better instinctual eating cues. ME is not an exercise prescription tool, device, concept or the like. Recently, I heard ME testing being compared to the Maffetone Method but try to compare a cube of sugar to a spoonful of olive oil. Pretty difficult to find the similarities.

I developed the Metabolic Efficiency test over a decade ago, using my exercise physiology know-how. It was methodical in the structure, down to the pre-test protocol. But more importantly, the implementation of the test is what separates it from all other physiological testing. ME testing provides an individual with a snapshot of their current daily nutrition plan. It is a nutritional assessment. Can we find your heart rate, power, or pace in which you should exercise to burn more fat?  Sure. It is possible but it is not the point of the test. The goal is to tell you if your nutrition is supporting your health and performance goals. After having a Metabolic Efficiency test, you have a nutrition plan created for you that is focused on improving health and performance parameters. Simple as that.

Comparing ME testing with the MAF method is not a fair comparison. ME testing uses technology, physiological principles, and experienced professionals to interpret the data. The MAF method uses extrapolations and equations based on physiological principles. There is not measurement of physiological data.  I am not saying the MAF method is not pertinent for what it is trying to offer.  What I am saying is that, quite simply, ME testing and the MAF method cannot be compared to one another. 

It's like trying to compare a lactate threshold blood test with a Metabolic Efficiency test. The former tests fitness and provides training zones while ME testing tests nutritional status and provides the opportunity for a qualified professional to provide a nutritional plan based on the data found in the test.

Want more proof that ME testing should not be compared to the MAF method?  Here are four of eNRG Sport Dietitians data sets for ME testing and calculation of their MAF heart rate. 












What does this mean? I think it is quite clear actually. You can be quite off in using a predictive equation to determine your aerobic heart rate for training. Using a physiological measurement allows you to "peek" inside your body with more accuracy based on your current fitness level.

Metabolic Efficiency is a concept that I developed that centers on the manipulation of nutrition to impact blood sugar. I created the physiological test to validate the nutrition strategies. 

However, keep in mind that the point of this blog was to provide you the reasons why you cannot compare a sugar cube to a spoonful of olive oil. Please don't think that just because two concepts may discuss the same principles (such as improving fat burning) that they are the same. It is quite the opposite in most instances.

Until next week...

Bob

Sunday, May 8, 2016

Back at it

Hello world, it's me again! I've taken a couple of good cracks at being consistent with my blog in the past but it never worked out the way I had planned due to other work projects popping up.  However, now is the time and I am committing to writing a blog every week for the rest of 2016! These blogs will not be lengthy. They will make you ponder a few things. They will make you scratch your head. They will make you want to learn more. They will make you want to think twice about the nutrition and exercise plan you follow. They may be controversial. They may be highlighting research. One thing is for sure: each blog will include a huge splash of reality so stay tuned and enjoy the journey!


Back to Blogging

In 2003, I had a vision and after three years, I introduced it to the world. Metabolic Efficiency. Since 2006 many things have happened regarding this concept.  It has progressed from a dietary strategy to cure GI distress in endurance athletes to improving health markers, inducing safe and effective weight loss, and decreasing the need for copious simple sugars during sport competition. I have refined the testing protocols, introducing it to many different populations of athletes. I have created two levels of the Metabolic Efficiency Training Specialist certification, one for fitness and coaching professionals and one for health and medical/nutrition professionals. I have written hundreds of articles about the topic, given presentations at annual conferences and for athletes, and have written the book on Metabolic Efficiency (now in its second edition).

Even with all of these great accomplishments, there still seems to be some confusion about what Metabolic Efficiency really is. I could go on and on about how great of a concept it is but let's leave my first blog back with a bit of support by a recently published 2016 Position Statement by the American College of Sports Medicine, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, and the Dietitians of Canada. This Position Statement is pretty big stuff in the world of sports nutrition so us Sport Dietitians take note of the updates.

Under the New Perspectives in Sports Nutrition, point #3 states the following:

"A key goal of training is to adapt the body to develop metabolic efficiency and flexibility while competition nutrition strategies focus on providing adequate substrate stores to meet fuel demands of the event and support cognitive function."

Look at independent research studies all you want (and I do frequently). There is always bias in them and I will highlight a few of these throughout the year. However, there is no arguing with a Position Stand from three reputable organizations. For Metabolic Efficiency to be highlighted as a new perspective in sports nutrition is both an honor to me but also a sigh of relief that proves that there are more forward thinking sports nutrition professionals such as myself.

Until next week...


Bob

Tuesday, October 6, 2015

I am Spartan!

Hello blog world...it's been a while!  My apologies but with all of my recent adventures, I thought I would wait to collect some experience before unloading this great post about my newest athletic endeavor!  Enjoy the read and don't forget to grab a cup of tea and a comfy chair...it's an epic journey!

I was fortunate enough to participate in my first Spartan race this past weekend.  It just turned out to be the World Championships in Lake Tahoe and yes, I chose the Beast distance. Looking back on it, I am actually very glad I chose this distance as it was an epic experience.  Read on for a short description of my weekend.

Training

I knew about 8 weeks before the race that I was going to do it. This was also about the time that my triathlon season was just starting (due to a broken foot earlier in the year). Not only was I training for short course triathlon but I was also trying to get in Spartan shape. Oh, and add the fact that cyclocross season started right in the middle of this and you have a recipe.  A recipe for disaster as it may appear but as I quickly learned through the training, which was validated after the Beast, this was the best thing that could have happened to me. Not many people agree that training for three different events is ideal. But for Spartan racing, it actually is. Confused? Yeah, I expect you to be a little unless you have walked down the path I took. I will keep you intrigued until later in this blog.

So, my training was a bit of swimming, biking, running, cyclocross specific technical skills and sprints along with getting my burpee groove on. As the owner of eNRG performance, I am pretty lucky because I have access to a lot of training modalities and “toys”. In between appointments, I would hop on the GHD to work my gluts, hamstrings and lower back, bang out sets of pull-ups, flip tires or do some power cleans and deadlifts. Let’s not forget my bucket carries (filled with rocks) around the building or bear crawls in the grass around trees! There was not much structure to my training to be honest. I did what I wanted to do, when I wanted to do it. Of course, functional movement training was the foundation of my training. I trained about 5-6 days per week but not for Spartan, for health and fitness. I wanted to experience Spartan, not race it. I am sure those of you who know me just had a great laugh as I do confess, I may be a little competitive in nature. However, I toned it down a bit.  I just wanted to go out there and see what Spartan racing was all about. Until I toed the line that is. Yeah, competitive Bob took over…I confess.

The Race

This was my first time in Tahoe (actually the race was at Squaw Valley). It was raining two days before and sunshine filled the skies the day before the race. It’s a mountain town. I grew up in the mountains. I live in the foothills of Colorado. I know the mountains and what was confirmed upon arrival is that it was cold in the morning with intense sun in the afternoon. Race morning saw temps around 32 degrees.  My biggest obstacle was deciding what to wear. Yeah, yeah, I know. But I was told that it could take me 6-8 hours to finish this race and you have to be self-supported so I chose the conservative (read: warm) route. I wore compression tights, a tech short sleeve shirt, gloves and a hat. I had my trusty Nathan hydration pack on my back. This thing has been through a few Leadville races and then some so I trusted it. What I didn’t know is how it would do in water and rolling in mud.

Fast forward to the start. We started 30 minutes late. To get to the start line, you had to hop a wall (I think it was 6 feet high). Cool way to start. The announcer started with a Spartan speech, there was a whole lot of Spartan grunting taking place and off we went. Now, here’s the thing…the course was running up and down a ski mountain at Squaw Valley. How cool is that? Very cool.  Especially for this past ultra-runner.  I felt at home.  Once I got into my stride, BAM, the first obstacle presented itself. Hop over a wall, wade down into waist deep (FREEZING) water twice and continue on the single track. This single track is the same as where the Western States 100 mile endurance run starts…cool!

I felt at home with the trail running. Then the obstacles came with no rhyme or reason…walls, sandbag/log/bucket carries and lifts, a traverse wall, a rig, climbing multiple cargo nets and wooden ladder devices (these were high!), crawling under barbed wire, submerging under a wall in a pit of freezing cold water, a rope climb, atlas stone carry, Tyrolean traverse rope and a spear throw. Now, here’s the thing. I was killing the run and the climbing…really, just killing it. But I didn’t know how hard to push some sections since the obstacles (mostly anaerobic in nature) would pop up every so often. It kept me guessing and holding back a bit on the run. Of course, I did push the pace running as the true competitor came out. As I approached the obstacles, not having done any of them in training really, I would stop for a bit, study it, watch others and attempt it. I was successful at some and not so much at others. Interestingly, the obstacles I did not complete (yes, I tried every single one as I refused to burpee out of them voluntarily without at least trying), were ones that I had never practiced. Lesson learned for next time.

The one obstacle that was getting in my head was the swim. I had gotten word of this the day before and while the triathlete in me celebrated, I was very concerned with what it would do to my core temperature. I get cold very easily and have had that happen before at the Leadville 50 mile run years back. As I approached the swim (in a lake at around 8500 feet), I changed my mental state and started rolling off the positive affirmations. “Warm water” mostly was what I was saying over and over to myself. I could have done 60 burpees to forego the swim but why? This was a Spartan race. Try every obstacle no matter what! So, I got to the lake, heard a ton of screaming going on, grabbed my life jacket and jumped in the water. My breath was instantly taken away. I have had that feeling before but never like this. I remember one year I did the Evergreen Half Ironman in Evergreen, Colorado and the water was 57 degrees. I came out shivering like crazy! This water was purported to be around 50 degrees. Yikes! Regardless, I told myself to get in and out as fast as possible. I noticed many athletes on their backs trying to swim and thought that may be nice but it would take much longer to get to the end. Freestyle baby. Let the triathlete take over and take over I did! I was passing people right and left and while it was freezing, I just focused on my stroke, my kick and getting into a breathing rhythm. Before I knew it, I was out. I’m guessing the swim was about 100 yards. Not a lot but fully clothed with a life jacket that was choking me was quite a challenge!

I climbed out (yes, we had to climb out on a wooden ladder device) and saw quite a few people drop to the ground due to muscle cramping. For some reason, my body responded well. No cramping and in fact, as I started running to the next obstacle, my legs felt great. I was a bit cold but nothing major. Just like the old days where I would hop in the river in the middle of a long run to cool off my body during Leadville training! It wasn’t 10 minutes later when the uncontrollable total body shivering started. Of course, this was after they made us plunge into freezing cold water again after some barbed wire crawls and wall jumps. This set my core temp out of control. For the next 3 miles or so, as I was descending the mountain, I was trying to regain some body heat but the intense, cold wind had other ideas. It wasn’t until one of the last obstacles, the bucket brigade, that my core temperature finally started to stabilize. Ah, the bucket brigade. That was sadistic!  We had to fill a 5-gallon bucket (weighing around 80 pounds for males from what I heard) with dirt and rocks and carry it up and down about 100 yards each way, up the mountain. The interesting thing was that if your dirt got too low in the bucket (referenced by holes drilled in the top), then you had to repeat the obstacle. Each time I stopped, I would have to add more dirt to my bucket since it was settling more and more with each step. That was by far the most challenging obstacle because it was about 1.5 miles from the finish and the body was just tired. This took some time. Grab the bucket, take 10-20 steps, put it down, rest for a few seconds and repeat. More challenging than it sounds!

After the bucket brigade it was another fast decent down the mountain toward the finish. But wait, let’s jump over a couple of 8 foot walls first. Actually, jumping the walls are quite easy for me so I wasn’t complaining. Back to the trail and barreling down as fast as my legs would take me. Now, here’s the thing about Spartan races, nothing is known in advance and there are always surprises. As I approached the finish line arch, there were two last obstacles: the traverse wall and the rig. I studied the traverse wall and hopped on. This was a plywood wall with 2x4 blocks drilled into it for hand and foot holds. Really not that hard. I got about 3/4 through this obstacle, methodically planning my feet and hand placements when all of a sudden my grip in both hands completely failed! No warning, my hands just popped off the wall. Report to the burpee zone for 30 burpees. Of course, this was in front of all of the spectators! Oh, but the fun didn’t end there. The last obstacle was the rig: a jungle gym of sorts that started with a thick cylindrical pipe that you had to navigate through hand by hand, followed by rings followed by rope tarzan swings…twice! I made the pipe and put my left hand on the ring. I felt great, strong and ready to swing from ring to ring. As I let my right hand off of the pipe, reaching for the other ring, my grip failed again. Burpee zone. I finished the race (as did many) by doing 60 burpees.

I am used to sprinting across the finish line in races but that just wasn’t going to happen in this race. I jogged across with a huge sense of accomplishment. But as I did 22 years ago after I finished my first triathlon, I felt something. Something to the tune of wanting to do better and be able to make all of the obstacles. I wasn’t able to complete 6 of the 37 obstacles which left me doing 180 burpees along the course. Not next time. Yes, there will be a next time for now I have a different type of challenge.

Remember what I said earlier about training for three different events at once? I am now convinced that Spartan racing, while it resembles much of what I did when I was a kid through play, is really an excellent test of overall fitness. In fact, I can argue that being a one sport athlete and specializing in certain movement patterns (in my case, swimming/biking/running), may not be the true epitome of fitness. For some, it will take something like a Spartan race to realize this. This was certainly validation for me that overall fitness comes from doing a variety of exercises: aerobic and anaerobic but having a huge emphasis on fun along the way.

Interestingly, I ended up placing 20th in my age group (out of 390) and 123rd overall (out of 3016) for a 4% and 5% finish, respectively.  Hmm...I have always known I have some anaerobic "juice" in my body but perhaps this aerobic and anaerobic combination favors my DNA...

The Future

As for the future of Spartan racing for me…yes, there is a future. I’m intrigued and challenged and will be upping my game a bit to conquer the obstacles that conquered me!

Thanks for reading!

Coach Bob

Monday, April 27, 2015

Metabolic Efficiency: Friend and Certainly not Foe


As with any concept that is different from the norm or strays from research standards, metabolic efficiency has certainly had some challenges in terms of understanding. It gets a bit frustrating when I, the creator of the concept, hear the blatant misconceptions or inaccurate interpretations that other individuals have with metabolic efficiency.  And so, here are a few things to think about as you hear these pop up from time to time in conversation with others or on the internet…


  • Metabolic Efficiency is not a diet nor is it low carb.  Let me say it again, metabolic efficiency is not low carb!  For goodness sake, if I had a dime for every…well, you know where I am going with that.  Metabolic efficiency is a lifestyle implementation strategy that uses the concept nutrition periodization (another nutrition concept that I created in 2003) to adjust nutrient levels in individuals as their health and performance goals change.  The most accurate term when trying to describe metabolic efficiency is “controlled carbohydrate”.  You do not have to be in nutritional ketosis to enjoy better blood sugar control.  In fact, I would argue it is extremely difficult to live in nutritional ketosis long-term, especially if you are an endurance athlete.  So, drop the misconceptions and look to control, ebb and flow your carbohydrate intake as your exercise program changes.  


  • Where is the peer-reviewed research data?  Yeah, I get this one all the time.  Where is it?  It’s in the journals so go look!  As you just learned, the basis of adopting the metabolic efficiency concept is controlling carbohydrates (and thus protein and fat).  There is a slew of peer-reviewed research data that supports controlling carbohydrates on the performance benefits for athletes but also the positive health improvements (better blood lipids, decreased risk of metabolic syndrome, some cancers, obesity, etc.).  Hey, if you don’t believe me, take a gander at the 55 references (all from scientific journals) in the back of my Metabolic Efficiency Training: Teaching your Body to Burn More Fat book.  Or better yet, do a PubMed, Medline or Google Scholar search.  Or maybe, just maybe look at the work Jeff Volek and Stephen Phinney have done.  Just sayin’…there’s not a shortage of data any longer.


  • I have to eat low carb to be metabolically efficient. Hey, did you read #1?  Seriously though, there are 5 different dietary strategies that will improve metabolic efficiency.  Is low carb one of them?  Yes.  But there are four others also.  Do you want to know an interesting secret?  There is no conclusive definition of low carb.  There is for nutritional ketosis but not low carb.  If you lower your daily carbohydrate intake, guess what?  You are controlling your carbohydrates and as long as you manipulate your protein and fat intake, you will improve your metabolic efficiency.



  • But the performance research studies say there is no benefit to low carb.  As I enjoy a chuckle, I should mention that 1) there is benefit but you can’t just read the conclusions of these studies and 2) aside from Jeff Volek’s new study (FASTER study), there hasn’t been research done on truly "low carb" individuals.  Carbohydrate researchers have tried but have not done such a good job in the past (most of the subjects on “low carb” still consume about 3 grams of carbohydrate per kilogram of body weight…which is not low carb).  Granted, it could be lower carb for that person but as a whole, it is not fair to label it as low carb.  In fact, one of the research studies I present and dissect in my Metabolic Efficiency Training Specialist Level I certification course highlights the need to actually read these studies and not jump to the conclusion.  As I recall, this study reported no performance improvement of a “lower carb” diet.  Looking at the results, the fat adapted group actually rode 1.3 miles farther than the higher carb group (and this was during a 1-hour time trial after a 4 hour moderate intensity ride so don’t try to use the low intensity excuse).  Oh, and did I mention the lower carb group had an average power output that was 11% greater than the high carb group?  Yeah, as an endurance athlete myself, I would take that any day in a competition!



Okay, I think that’s a good start to help you understand just a fraction of what is really happening behind the scenes.  My team at eNRG performance are continually developing the implementation strategies and testing methods to help everyone understand this concept better.  And, if you hear of someone not fully grasping the metabolic efficiency concept, feel free to pass along my contact information to them. I’m happy to help educate!



Coach Bob